Microecological characteristics of patients with combined lung infections in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Objective To analyze the characteristics and distribution of pathogenic bacteria in patients with chronic ob-structive pulmonary disease(COPD)and pulmonary infection in Inner Mongolia,and provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of pulmonary infection in this region.Methods From 9 prefecture-level cities in Inner Mongolia(Hohhot,Baotou,Ordos,Wuhai,Ulanhot,Ulanqab,Bayannur,Chifeng,Tongliao)and 3 leagues(Xing'an,Alxa,Xilingol)during September 2021 and September 2023,200 cases each,a total of 2,400 patients with COPD and pulmonary infection were randomly selected as the subjects.Sputum samples were collected for identification of pathogenic bacteria and analysis of microecological characteristics.Results A total of 1,896 pathogenic bacteria were identified from the 2,400 sputum spe-cimens,including 1,183 cases(62.39％)of Gram-negative bacteria,641 cases(33.81％)of Gram-positive bacteria,and 72 cases(3.80％)of fungi.The 1,183 cases of Gram-negative bacteria mainly included Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Acinetobac-ter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae;the 641 cases of Gram-positive bacteria mainly included Staphylococcus aureus,Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus haemolyticus;the 72 cases of fungi mainly included Candida albicans,As-pergillus and Candida tropicalis.The analysis of microecological characteristics showed that(1)The 16S rRNA V3 gene was successfully cloned from the sputum bacteria of patients with COPD and pulmonary infection;(2)compared with the normal group,the sputum flora of COPD patients with pulmonary infection had diversity,difference and its own unique characteristics;(3)in Ulanhot City,the pathogenic bacteria in COPD patients with pulmonary infection were mainly Gram-positive bacteria(59.31％);(4)the characteristics of pathogenic bacteria in patients with COPD and pulmonary infection were related to the age of patient.When the patient was ≤ 50 years old,the proportion of Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria was similar,but as the age increases,the pathogenic bacteria were mainly Gram-negative bacteria.When the age was ≥71 years old,the proportion of Gram-negative bacteria was 72.98％.Conclusion This study has a large sample size.It is a comprehensive study on the characteristics and distribution of pathogenic bacteria in patients with COPD and pulmonary infection in Inner Mongolia,and a representative one among similar studies,which will provide the-oretical basis for the treatment of infectious diseases in Inner Mongolia.
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