Effect of probiotics on gut microbiota in infants with cow's milk protein allergy
Objective To explore the effect of probiotics on the gut microbiota in infants with cow's milk protein allergy(CMPA)and its intervention effect.Methods A total of 60 CMPA infants who visited our hospital from March 2022 to October 2023 were selected as the observation group,and 30 healthy infants and young children who underwent physical examination in our hospital during the same period were selected as the control group.The observation group was divided into Experiment 1 group and Experiment 2 group randomly,with 30 cases in each group.The Experiment 1 group was giv-en avoidance dietary intervention,while Experiment 2 group was given combined probiotic intervention on the basis of avoidance dietary intervention.The abundance of gut microbiota before intervention was compared between the observa-tion group and control group,and the abundance of gut microbiota,clinical efficacy,clinical symptoms(scores of systemic symptoms,skin symptoms,gastrointestinal symptoms and respiratory symptoms),the levels of eosinophil count(EOS),specific milk protein(IgE)and skin index(SI)before and after intervention were compared between the Experiment 1 group and Experiment 2 group.Results Compared with the control group,the abundances of Bifidobacterium and Lacto-bacillus in observation group significantly decreased before intervention,while those of Escherichia coli and Enterococcus significantly increased(t=5.671,12.201,13.097,25.584;all P＜0.05).The total efficiency rate in Experiment 2 group was 80.00％,significantly higher than that in Experiment 1 group(53.33％)(x2=4.800,P＜0.05).Compared with before inter-vention,the abundances of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus significantly increased,while those of Escherichia coli and Enterococcus,the scores of systemic symptoms,skin symptoms,digestive symptoms,respiratory symptoms,EOS,IgE and SI levels significantly decreased in the two groups after intervention(Experiment 1 group:t=2.163,3.036,6.591,11.350,6.970,7.044,7.484,7.153,2.258,4.071,3.195;Experiment 2 group:t=4.790,5.454,9.187,14.206,8.841,8.820,8.753,8.690,4.141,7.554,5.537;all P＜0.05).The changes of the above indexes in Experiment 2 group were greater than those in Experiment 1 group(t=2.197,2.512,4.440,2.788,3.509,2.200,3.270,3.607,2.168,3.576,3.003;all P＜0.05).Conclusion The intestinal flora of infants with CMPA is mainly characterized by a decrease in the abundances of Bi-fidobacterium and Lactobacillus and increase in those of Escherichia coli and Enterococcus.Use of probiotics can effect-ively improve the intestinal flora and the therapeutic effect.
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