Oropharyngeal microecology in infants and young children:advance in research
The infancy and early childhood are a critical period for immune development and play an important role in maintaining human health.Infancy is also a critical period for oropharyngeal microbial colonization and succession,which is strongly influenced by delivery mode and feeding choice,and ultimately forms a dynamic ecological balance of microor-ganisms.The interactions between oropharyngeal microorganisms and their host play an important role in the development of oropharyngeal immunity,and are closely related to the occurrence and development of various respiratory diseases.Studies on the oropharyngeal microecology of infants and young children have shown that the differences in major micro-bial communities during the"window period"of colonization are associated with respiratory diseases later in life.In this paper we reviews infant breastfeeding and immune development,oropharyngeal microbiome colonization and succession,and oropharyngeal microecosystem.
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