Due to explore the fault mechanism of beat vibration of marine gearbox and optimize the health moni-toring in equipment operation process,this paper first executes the vibration measurement against the signal of the real marine beat fault.In addition,it analyzes the time domain,frequency domain,resonance demodulation spec-trum,order spectrum and refined spectrum of the signal.Finally,it analyzes the signal processing results and re-veals the reason for the beat vibration fault of the gearbox.The results show that the method in this paper can effec-tively analyze the beat vibration fault characteristics of marine gearboxes and provide a reference to resolve the fault.