Objective To investigate the appropriate upstream aerosol concentration in the integrity test of the high efficiency particulate air(HEPA)filter of the biosafety cabinet.Methods According to the method of YY 0569-20116.3.2 of Class II biological safety cabinet,different concentration of PAO aerosol ranged from 11-91 μg/L were applied to the upwind side of the HEPA filter of a biological safety cabinet,and the leakage rates were detected downstream,and the correlation between leakage rate and upstream aerosol concentration was studied.Results When the upstream aerosol concentrations ranged from 11-50 μg/L,the leakage rates were negatively correlated with the upstream aerosol concentration,and the leakage rate of the supply air HEPA filter ranged from 0.000 1%-0.002 1%,and the leakage rate of the exhaust HEPA filter ranged from 0.000 1%-0.005 3%.At the upstream aerosol concentration>50 μg/L,the maximum leak rate no longer changed.Conclusion The upstream aerosol concentration of 10-30 μg/L is more appropriate in the leakage detection process of HEPA filter in biological safety cabinet.