Analysis on the pathogen distribution characteristics and risk factors of neonatal nosocomial infection
Objective To explore the distribution of pathogens and risk factors of neonatal hospital infections.Methods A retrospective survey was conducted on 1 569 newborns in the neonatal ward of a certain hospital from January 2021 to December 2022.Hospital clinical medical records and pathogen isolation and identification results of blood,sputum and umbilical secretions were collected,and the univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to identify the risk factors for nosocomial infection in newborns.Results The incidence rate of nosocomial infection was 4.91％,mainly respiratory tract(50.65％),followed by urinary tract infection.A total of 85 pathogenic strains were detected in 77 children with nosocomial infection,mainly Gram-negative bacteria(60.2％),among which Escherichia coli had the highest proportion(47.05％).The proportion of Staphylococcus hemolyticus in Gram positive bacteria was the highest(9.41％).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gestational age＜37 weeks,having three or more underlying diseases,hospital stay of≥7 d,amniotic fluid contamination,mechanical ventilation,feeding intolerance,mechanical ventilation and feeding intolerance were independent risk factors for neonatal nosocomial infection.Conclusions Neonatal nosocomial infection is mainly respiratory tract infection,and pathogenic bacteria are common with Gram-negative bacteria.Effective prevention and control measures should be taken especially for high risk factors to reduce the nosocomial infection rate.
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