首页|2021-2023年某三甲医院住院患者下呼吸道标本分离菌的分布及耐药性分析

2021-2023年某三甲医院住院患者下呼吸道标本分离菌的分布及耐药性分析

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目的 调查某三甲医院住院患者下呼吸道标本分离菌的种类和耐药情况,为抗菌药物的合理使用提供参考.方法 采用回顾性调查方法,对 2021-2023 年该医院住院患者下呼吸道送检标本的细菌学检查及药敏试验结果进行监测与分析.结果 连续 3 年共检出 6 417 株细菌,主要为革兰阴性菌(90.7%).构成比居前 5位的细菌依次是肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠埃希菌,分别占 31.0%、17.4%、14.0%、8.2%和 8.0%.耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌检出率为 41.2%;未发现对万古霉素和利奈唑胺耐药的金黄色葡萄球菌;大肠埃希菌和阴沟肠杆菌对碳青霉烯类抗菌药物的耐药率均<11%;鲍曼不动杆菌对亚胺培南的耐药率>50%.结论 该医院下呼吸道标本的分离菌以革兰阴性菌为主,尤其是耐碳青霉烯类的肠杆菌目细菌和耐碳青霉烯类的鲍曼不动杆菌,需加强相关医院感染防控,有效阻断或降低医院内传播风险.
Distribution and drug resistance analysis of bacteria from lower respiratory tract in hospitalized patients of a grade 3A hospital from 2021 to 2023
Objective To investigate the distribution and antimicrobial resistance of bacteria isolated from lower respiratory tract in a grade 3A hospital,so as to provide a reference for the rational use of antibiotics.Methods Retrospective survey was conducted to monitor and analyze the bacteriological examination and drug sensitivity test results of submitted specimens of hospitalized patients with lower respiratory tract in the hospital from 2021 to 2023.Results A total of 6 417 strains of bacteria were detected for 3 years,mainly gram-negative bacteria(90.7%).The top five pathogens were Klebsiella pneumoniae,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Acinetobacter baumannii,Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli,accounting for 31.0%,17.4%,14.0%,8.2%and 8.0%,respectively.The detection rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was 41.2%.No S.aureus strains were found resistant to vancomycin or linezolid.The resistance rates of E.coli and E.cloacae to carbapenem antibiotics were no more than 11%.The resistance rates of A.baumannii to imipenem was more than 50%.Conclusion The bacteria isolated from lower respiratory tract specimens in this hospital were predominantly gram-negative,notably carbapenemase-resistant Enterobacterales and carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii,highlighting the need for enhanced prevention and control measures to effectively curb or mitigate the risk of nosocomial transmission.

lower respiratory tractbacteriacarbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales

谢强、徐添天、谢瑞玉

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滁州市第一人民医院,安徽 滁州 239001

下呼吸道 细菌 耐碳青霉烯类的肠杆菌目

2024

中国消毒学杂志
军事医学科学院疾病预防控制所,中华预防医学会

中国消毒学杂志

CSTPCD
影响因子:0.754
ISSN:1001-7658
年,卷(期):2024.41(12)