首页|2018-2023年某医院儿科住院患者冬季呼吸道感染病原菌分布及耐药性分析

2018-2023年某医院儿科住院患者冬季呼吸道感染病原菌分布及耐药性分析

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目的 了解 2018-2023 年某医院儿科住院患者冬季呼吸道感染的病原菌分布特征及耐药性变迁,为临床诊疗和医院感染控制提供依据.方法 采用回顾性调查方法,收集并分析该医院连续 6 年一季度儿科呼吸道感染住院患者临床资料及细菌学检测结果.结果 5 751 例患者呼吸道中分离出病原菌 2 599 株,革兰阴性菌以流感嗜血杆菌(38.72%)、大肠埃希菌(24.34%)和肺炎克雷伯菌(10.19%)为主.流感嗜血杆菌对氨苄西林、复方新诺明、头孢菌素和阿奇霉素的耐药率最高可达 89.3%;大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌对复方新诺明、庆大霉素和头孢菌素的耐药率可高达77.0%.革兰阳性菌以金黄色葡萄球菌(62.52%)和肺炎链球菌(30.72%)为主,其中耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌占 64.4%.肺炎链球菌对红霉素、复方新诺明和克林霉素耐药率可达 100%.真菌以白念珠菌为主,占 78.53%.结论 该医院儿科冬季呼吸道感染的病原菌对多种抗菌药物耐药性较强,临床合理使用抗菌药物的同时,应针对性做好儿科住院环境消毒.
Analysis of pathogen distribution and drug resistance of respiratory tract infection in winter for pediatric inpatients in a hospital from 2018 to 2023
Objective To understand the distribution characteristics of pathogens and drug resistance changes of winter respiratory tract infections of pediatric inpatients in a hospital from 2018 to 2023,so as to provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment and nosocomial infection control.Methods A retrospective survey method was used to collect and analyze the clinical data and bacteriological test results of hospitalized patients with pediatric respiratory tract infections in the first quarter of 6 consecutive years.Results 2 599 strains of the pathogen were isolated from the respiratory tract of 5 751 patients,and the Gram-negative bacteria were Haemophilus influenzae(38.72%),Escherichia coli(24.34%)and Klebsiella pneumoniae(10.19%).H.influenzae showed resistance to ampicillin,cotrimoxazole,cephalosporin,and azithromycin by up to 89.3%,and E.coli and K.pneumoniae to cotrimoxazole,gentamicin,and cephalosporin by up to 77.0%.Gram-positive bacteria were mainly Staphylococcus aureus(62.52%)and Streptococcus pneumoniae(30.72%),of which methicillin-resistant S.aureus accounted for 64.4%.S.pneumoniae showed resistance to erythromycin,cotrimoxazole,and clindamycin by up to 100%.Fungi mainly was C.albicans,accounting for 78.53%.Conclusion The pathogens of winter respiratory tract infections in the pediatric department of this hospital are highly resistant to a variety of antimicrobial drugs.While the rational use of antibacterial drugs,pediatric inpatient environment disinfection should be targeted.

childrenrespiratory infectionspathogensdrug resistance

何小亮、何三军、王婷、汤进、何宝明、黄晓霞

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汉中市中心医院,陕西 汉中 723000

儿童 呼吸道感染 病原菌 耐药性

2024

中国消毒学杂志
军事医学科学院疾病预防控制所,中华预防医学会

中国消毒学杂志

CSTPCD
影响因子:0.754
ISSN:1001-7658
年,卷(期):2024.41(12)