摘要
为筛选出优质的甜瓜种质资源,对吉林省蔬菜花卉科学研究院现存的65份甜瓜种质资源进行遗传多样性分析与评价,对其果实主要性状进行调查统计、数据分析.通过对果实性状进行遗传分析,发现其变异系数的变化范围为16.62％～59.25％,多样性指数变化范围为4.11～4.38;对甜瓜果实性状进行相关性分析,有22对性状间呈极显著相关,有2对性状间呈显著相关;对甜瓜资源的果实性状进行主成分分析,在累积贡献率为84.19％处,筛选出了5个主成分因子,分别为糖酸因子、质量因子、表型因子、果柄因子、品质因子;对甜瓜果实性状进行聚类分析,在欧式距离12.5处将65份甜瓜种质资源聚为三大类群;通过综合评价得分计算,筛选出了10份果实性状较好的种质资源,分别为卡加里麝香、Q196、拉贾斯坦蜜瓜、FY39、斑比洋香瓜、Q174、Q171、浓郁的甜味132、蜜露、Q163,他们的品质优良、单果质量适中.
Abstract
To screen out high-quality melon germplasm resources,genetic diversity analysis and evaluation were conduct-ed on 65 existing melon germplasm resources at Jilin Vegetable and Flower Science Research Institute.The investiga-tion,statistics,and data analysis were conducted on the main fruit traits.Through genetic analysis of the fruit,it was found that the coefficient of variation ranged from 16.62% to 59.25%,and the diversity index ranged from 4.11 to 4.38.Correlation analysis was conducted on the fruit traits of cantaloupe,with 22 traits showing extremely significant correla-tion and 2 traits showing significant correlation.Principal component analysis was conducted on the fruit traits of melon resources,and five principal component factors were selected at a cumulative contribution rate of 84.19%,namely sugar acid factor,mass factor,phenotype factor,fruit stem factor,and quality factor.Cluster analysis was conducted on the fruit traits of cantaloupe,and 65 cantaloupes were clustered into three major groups at a Euclidean distance of 12.5.Through comprehensive evaluation score calculation,10 varieties with good traits were selected,including Kagari Musk,Q196,Rajasthan Honey Melon,FY39,Bambi Western Melon,Q174,Q171,Rich Sweetness 132,Milu,Q163,which had excellent quality and moderate fruit mass.
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