摘要
哺乳动物的皮毛颜色主要受毛发中黑色素的种类和数量影响.c-KIT基因编码一种酪氨酸激酶跨膜受体,被称为肥大/干细胞生长因子受体,与黑色素生物合成相关.c-KIT基因突变会抑制干细胞生长因子受体功能,导致黑色素细胞的生成、成熟、增殖、分化和迁移等过程受到影响.本文就哺乳动物毛色形成的机制和主效基因、c-KIT基因的作用机理及其对哺乳动物毛色的影响进行综述,以期为深入研究哺乳动物毛色遗传机制以及不同毛色的选种和选育提供参考依据.
Abstract
The color of mammalian fur is mainly affected by the type and amount of melanin in the hair.The hypertrophi/stem cell growth factor receptor encoded by c-KIT gene(master/stem cell growth factor receptor,SCFR)is a tyrosine kinase transmembrane receptor associated with melanin biosynthesis.Mutations in c-KIT gene inhibit the receptor function of stem cell growth factors,resulting in the production,maturation,proliferation,differentiation and migration of melanocytes being affected.This article reviews the mechanisms of mammalian coat color formation and the main acting genes,the mechanism of c-KIT gene,and the influence of c-KIT gene on mammalian coat color,in order to provide a reference for in-depth study of the genetic mechanism of mammalian coat color and the selection and breeding of different coat colors.
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