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奶牛生长与健康性状遗传规律研究进展

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  • 国家科技期刊平台
  • NETL
  • NSTL
  • 万方数据
奶牛在拥有良好生长条件和健康状态的前提下，才能保证产奶量的最大化。奶公犊及淘汰母牛可以用于育肥和屠宰，因此育种工作者越来越关注奶牛生长和健康性状的选育。除此之外，候选基因的挖掘为改良奶牛各经济性状提供了坚实的理论基础，SNP在育种中的应用大大缩短了世代间隔，有效提高了畜种改良的遗传进展。本文综述了奶牛主要生长和健康性状指标、生长发育规律、常见疾病遗传规律和基因鉴定的研究进展，旨在为多组学技术挖掘与鉴定奶牛生长和健康性状功能基因、完善遗传改良育种技术体系及培育高产优质健康育种核心群和新品系提供借鉴和理论支持。
Research Progress on Genetic Regularity of Growth and Health Traits of Dairy Cows
Dairy cows can show maximum milk production only when they are raised under the good feeding and management condition and healthy status.The male calves and eliminated cows can be used for fattening and slaughter.Thus,growth and health traits have been paid more and more attentions in dairy cattle breeding.In addition,the mining of candidate genes has provided a solid theoretical basis for the improvement of various economic traits in dairy cattle,and the application of significant SNPs in breeding has greatly shortened the generation interval and effectively improved the genetic progress of livestock breed improvement.In this review,we summarized the research progress for growth and health traits of dairy cattle including the main measure indicators,growth and development rules,and genetic background and candidate genes underlying main common diseases.Thereby,the review provides some reference and theoretical support for gene identification for growth and healthy traits using multi-omics technologies,improvement of the breeding technology system,and cultivation of high-yield,quality and healthy breeding nucleus herd and new lines in dairy cattle.

Growth traitsHealthy traitsPatterns of inheritanceGenetic improvementDairy cows

魏书青、韩博、李艳华、麻柱、刘林、孙东晓

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中国农业大学动物科学技术学院,农业农村部动物遗传育种与繁殖重点实验室,动物育种国家工程实验室,畜禽生物育种全国重点实验室,北京 100193

北京奶牛中心,北京 100192

北京京瓦农业科技创新中心,北京 101200

生长性状 健康性状 遗传规律 遗传改良 奶牛

国家重点研发计划北京市科技计划项目石家庄市重点研发计划内蒙古自治区科技计划内蒙古自治区科技计划北京市数字农业创新团队项目长江学者和创新团队发展计划

2021YFF1000700221500182A2021GG04032021GG0102BAIC10-2023IRT_15R62

2024

10.19556/j.0258-7033.20231027-03

中国畜牧杂志
中国畜牧兽医学会

中国畜牧杂志

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：0.704
ISSN：0258-7033
年,卷(期)：2024.60(9)