The mediating role of temperament between parenting style and externalizing problem behaviors in school-age children
Objective To explore the influence of temperament between parenting style and exter-nalizing problem behaviors in school-age children.Methods In October 2017,a stratified cluster sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey among 380 school-age children in Aruhorqin Banner,Chifeng City,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.All the school-age children were assessed by the Achen-bach child behavior checklist,parenting style scale,and middle childhood temperament questionnaire.Media-tion models were established by the PROCESS macro program of SPSS,and the mediating effect was tested by the Bootstrap method.Results The scores of various scales for school-age children were as follows:father's authoritative parenting style(3.77±1.11),father's authoritarian parenting style(1.55±0.68),father's indul-gent parenting style(1.25±0.57),mother's authoritative parenting style(3.86±1.16),mother's authoritarian parenting style(1.64±0.73),mother's indulgent parenting style(1.25±0.61),activity level(2.42±0.71),attention dispersion(3.78±0.81),externalization problem behaviors 3.0(4.0).For school-age children,the scores of externalization problem behaviors were negatively correlated with the scores of authoritative paren-ting style(r=-0.15,-0.11,both P＜0.05),and positively correlated with authoritarian and indulgent paren-ting style(r=0.17-0.33,all P＜0.05).The scores of externalization problem behaviors were positively cor-related with eight temperament dimensions,such as adaptability,emotional essence,reaction threshold,atten-tion dispersion,persistence,rhythmicity,activity level and reaction intensity(r=0.17-0.42,all P＜0.05).Af-ter controlling for age and gender,attention dispersion played a masking effect on the influence of authorita-tive parenting style on children's externalizing problem behaviors,with the indirect effect accounting for 21.05％(|0.04/-0.19|)and 26.67％(|0.04/-0.15|)of the direct effect respectively.Attention disper-sion partially mediated the impact of father's authoritarian parenting style on children's externalization prob-lem behaviors,with the mediating effect accounting for 10.71％(0.03/0.28)of the total effect.Response intensity partially mediated the impact of authoritarian parenting style on children's externalizing problem be-haviors,with the mediating effect accounting for 25.00％(0.07/0.28)and 27.58％(0.08/0.29)of the to-tal effect respectively.Conclusion Temperament plays a mediating role between parenting styles and exter-nalizing problem behaviors among school-age children.A nurturing environment suitable for children's tem-perament should be created to prevent the occurrence of externalizing problem behaviors among school-age children.
Parenting styleTemperamentExternalizing problem behaviorsMediating effectSchool-age children
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