Psychological well-being and its relationship with exercise among Chinese residents aged 20～79 years
Objective To explore the mental health level of Chinese adults aged 20～79 years and its association with exercise based on the surveillance data.Methods A cross-sectional study was conduc-ted in a total of 161 901 samples from the Fifth National Physical Fitness Surveillance,including 121 928 a-dults aged 20-59 years and 39 973 elderly aged 60-79 years.The mental health status was assessed by a comprehensive questionnaire,and the participation in frequency and duration of exercise were investigated.Chi-square test and Logistic regression were applied to test the relationship between exercise and mental health using SPSS 26.0 software.Results The rate of depressive symptoms among residents aged 20-79 years in China was 16.6％(26 311/158 518).In the adults aged 20-59 years,the rates of depression and anxiety symptoms were 18.0％(21 465/119 409)and 13.8％(16 435/119 444),respectively,and the pro-portion of those who often or always felt stressed was 15.3％(18 373/120 444).Inthe elderly aged 60-79 years,the rate of depression symptoms was 12.4％(4 846/39 109),the proportion of those with loneliness scale scores higher than 25 was 32.8％(12 650/38 525),and 4.0％(1 587/39 395)elderly often or always felt stressed.Compared with the non-exercisers,the risk of depression symptoms in the exercisers was re-duced by 20％(β=-0.22,OR=0.80,95％CI:0.78-0.82).With increased frequency and intensity of phys-ical exercise,the mental health condition improved significantly.For those who exercised at least 3 days a week and had moderate intensity or above,the detection rate of depression symptoms decreased by 35％(β=-0.39,OR=0.65,95％CI:0.63-0.67).The negative associations between exercise and depression were found in different ages,genders and resident subgroups.The risk of anxiety was 6％lower in the adults who participated in physical activity(β=-0.06,OR=0.94,95％CI:0.91-0.97)and 15％lower in those who ex-ercised over 3 days per week at moderate-to-vigorous intensity(β=-0.16,OR=0.85,95％CI:0.81-0.89).No association between exercise and risk of stress was observed(P＞0.05),but the positive effect was also found as exercise frequency and intensity increased.Older adults with exercise had a reduced risk of high loneliness scores by 50％(β=-0.70,OR=0.50,95％CI:0.47-0.52)and a 35％lower detection of stress risk(β=-0.43,OR=0.65,95％CI:0.59-0.72).Conclusion Exercise was significantly and meaningfully associated with self-reported mental health.Exercise can actively and effectively prevent and improve mental health.
万方数据
维普
