Event-related potential study on attentional cognitive function in children with different subtypes of sleep disordered breathing
Objective To explore the cognitive function characteristics of children with primary snoring(PS)and obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS)using event-related potentials.Methods From October 2020 to October 2022,20 children with OSAHS,20 children with PS,and 22 nor-mal children were recruited for continuous performance task(CPT)and behavioral assessments.ERP and behavioral data were meticulously recorded,with measurements of N1,P2,N2,and P3 wave amplitudes and latencies at F3,Fz,and F4 electrode sites.Statistical analyses were conducted using one-way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test via SPSS 25.0 software.Results(1)Behavioural test:There was no statistically sig-nificant difference in terms of correct responses,response times,and false alarms among the three groups(all P＞0.05).(2)F3 Lead:There were statistically significant differences in Go-P2 amplitude,Nogo-P2 ampli-tude,Nogo-P2 latency,Go-P3 amplitude,and Nogo-P3 latency among the three groups(all P＜0.05).Spe-cifically,the OSAHS group exhibited higher Go-P2 amplitude((15.03±5.12)μV vs(10.97±5.50)μV),Nogo-P2 amplitude((14.80±5.84)μV vs(9.67±4.79)μV),and Go-P3 amplitude((11.58±6.02)μV vs(7.49±4.89)μV)compared to the normal group.Additionally,the OSAHS and PS groups exhibited longer Nogo-P2 latency compared to the normal group((223.10±20.61)ms vs(208.00±23.09)ms,(230.60±13.61)ms vs(208.00±23.09)ms),as well as prolonged Nogo-P3 latency((459.20±34.26)ms vs(460.40±24.52)ms and(429.91±31.49)ms)(all P＜0.05).Fz Lead:There were statistically significant differences in Go-N1,Go-P2,Nogo-P2,Go-P3,Nogo-N2 wave amplitudes,and Nogo-P3 latency among the three groups(all P＜0.05).Compared to the normal group,the OSAHS group exhibited increased Go-P3 amplitude((9.07±5.68)μV vs(5.10±3.51)μV)and decreased Nogo-N2 am-plitude((-8.80±5.97)μV vs(-12.84±4.86)μV).Moreover,both the OSAHS and PS groups had pro-longed Nogo-P3 latency compared to the normal group((481.60±45.16)ms vs(435.13±28.17)ms and 484.00(443.50,525.00)ms vs(435.13±28.17)ms)(both P＜0.05).F4 Lead:There were statistically significant differences in Go-P2 and Nogo-P2 wave amplitudes among the three groups(all P＜0.05).Com-pared to the normal group,the OSAHS group demonstrated increased Go-P2 amplitude((13.72±5.64)μV vs(9.70±4.59)μV)and Nogo-P2 amplitude((13.90±5.35)μV vs(9.64±3.74)μV)(both P＜0.05).Conclusions Both children with OSAHS and PS exhibit attentional cognitive impair-ments.However,children with OSAHS demonstrate more pronounced deficits in conflict monitoring,response inhibition,and executive functioning.The prolonged latency of the P3 wave serves as a sensitive electrophys-iological marker for the early detection of neurocognitive impairment in children with sleep disordered breath-ing.
Sleep disordered breathingEvent related potentialChildrenAttention
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