Study on hippocampal subfield volume changes and their association with depressive symptoms in bi-polar disorder patients with childhood trauma
Objective To explore the characteristics of hippocampal subfield volume changes in bi-polar disorder(BD)patients with childhood trauma and investigate the correlation between these volume changes and the severity of depressive symptoms.Methods A total of 112 BD patients in the depressive phase and 62 healthy controls(HC)were recruited from April 2019 to April 2024.All participants were as-sessed using 17-item Hamilton depression scale(HAMD-17),Hamilton anxiety scale(HAMA),and the childhood trauma questionnaire(CTQ).Based on CTQ scores,BD patients were divided into two groups:the BD with childhood trauma group(BD-CT group,n=51)and the BD without childhood trauma group(BD-nCT group,n=61).T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)scans of the brain were collected for all participants,and hippocampal subfield volumes were segmented using FreeSurfer software.SPSS 26.0 soft-ware and Rv 4.1.1 software were used for data analysis.Generalized linear models were used to compare vol-ume differences among three groups.Partial correlation analysis was performed to examine the relationship between the hippocampal subfield volumes showing significant differences and HAMD scores.Results Sig-nificant differences were observed among the three groups in the left CA3(221.49(185.83,243.02),194.02(163.53,226.19),227.39(200.65,247.47)),left CA4(261.68(240.89,285.45),236.86(210.76,264.78),269.75(244.90,286.03)),left granule cell layer of the dentate gyrus(GC-ML-DG)(307.84(283.35,328.85),277.92(249.51,308.25),315.39(285.18,330.25)),and left molecular lay-er(586.72(549.38,635.25),548.16(500.34,605.24),602.15(557.63,637.13))(Wald x2=12.81-17.60,all P＜0.05).The BD-CT group had significantly smaller volumes in the left CA3,left CA4,left GC-ML-DG,and left molecular layer compared to the BD-nCT group(all P＜0.05).The BD-CT group also showed significantly smaller volumes in the left CA3,left CA4,and left GC-ML-DG compared to the HC group(all P＜0.05).The volumes of left CA3(r=-0.33),left CA4(r=-0.31),left GC-ML-DG(r=-0.31),and left molecular layer(r=-0.28)regions were negatively correlated with HAMD scores(all P＜0.05,Bonferroni correction).Conclusion BD patients with childhood trauma exhibit reduced volumes in the left hippocampus subfields,including left CA3,left CA4,left GC-ML-DG and left molecular layer.These volume reductions are negatively correlated with the severity of depression.
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