摘要
电弧炉炼钢因具备消纳城市废钢和低碳环保的优势而备受关注,随着人工智能、大数据技术在钢铁工业的应用和发展,以及电弧炉绿色、高效生产的需要,智能炼钢成为电弧炉未来发展的主要趋势.围绕近年来电弧炉智能炼钢核心技术,对电弧炉电气控制、温度控制、成分控制以及配料优化4个方面的研究进展进行了综述.目前,电弧炉智能炼钢研究已经取得了一定的进展,实现了电极自动调节、电能质量智能预测、电能消耗智能预测、温度和成分自动预测、泡沫渣自动控制、废钢自动评级、配料和成本优化等技术,但仍存在控制精度较低、预测模型的鲁棒性较差等缺点.而随着生产数据的不断积累以及智能制造车间精益生产需求的提高,未来电弧炉炼钢将向生产全流程数字化监控、全自动设备控制、高精度智能预测和控制、精细化生产管控和优化等方面发展.同时,还需要进一步耦合各个环节的智能技术,提高智能炼钢技术在不同电弧炉上的适配性,降低其在生产现场的实施难度和成本,实现电弧炉生产全流程的智能控制,从而提高生产安全性、减少废气废物排放、提高生产效率、降低生产成本,实现可持续发展.
Abstract
Electric arc furnace(EAF)steelmaking has attracted much attention due to its advantages of consuming municipal scrap and low-carbon and environmental protection.With the application and development of artificial in-telligence and big data technology in the steel industry,as well as the demand for green and efficient EAF produc-tion,intelligent steelmaking is the main trend of EAF for future development.Focusing on the intelligent technolo-gies of EAF core field in recent years,the research progress of electrical control,temperature control,composition control and charging optimization are reviewed.At present,research of EAF intelligent steelmaking has made some progress,realizing technologies such as electrode automatic regulation,power quality event prediction,power con-sumption prediction,temperature and composition prediction,foam slag automatic control,scrap automatic rating,batching and cost optimization,etc.However,there are still drawbacks such as lower control accuracy and poorer robustness of prediction models.With the continuous accumulation of production data,as well as the demand for lean production in the intelligent manufacturing workshop,the future EAF intelligent steelmaking will develop to-wards the digital monitoring of the entire production process,fully automated equipment control,high-precision in-telligent prediction and control,and refined production control and optimization.It is also necessary to further cou-ple the intelligent technology of each link,improve the adaptability of intelligent steelmaking technology on different EAFs,reduce the difficulty and cost of implementation at the production site,and realize the intelligent control of the whole production process,thus improving the production safety,reducing the waste emissions,improving the production efficiency,reducing the cost,and realizing sustainable development.
基金项目
重点研发计划(2022YFC3901403)
中国宝武低碳冶金创新基金(BWLCF202211)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项(N2225046)
NETL
NSTL
万方数据