Analysis on technology readiness level of hydrogen metallurgy process
The hydrogen metallurgical electric furnace process is an important starting point for the steel industry to achieve green and sustainable development due to its potential to achieve nearly zero carbon emission steel produc-tion.The direct reduction iron provided by hydrogen metallurgy needs an electric furnace to obtain the ideal steel material because it is not a terminal product.The electric furnace process technology has been mature,but the tech-nological breakthrough of the hydrogen metallurgy process is still a big challenge.The hydrogen metallurgy process is widely regarded as a frontier disruptive technology.Most of the domestic hydrogen metallurgy demonstration pro-jects are in the industrial test stage,and there is still not enough to achieve the realization of real industrialization.The evaluation of the technology readiness of the hydrogen metallurgy process is helpful to scientifically understand its development history,evaluate its development status,and expect its future development trend.Based on the tech-nical readiness criteria and process analysis,the technical readiness evaluation criteria and detailed rules suitable for hydrogen metallurgy processes were studied to evaluate and prospect the four kinds of hydrogen metallurgy proces-ses.The results show that the comprehensive evaluation of the direct reduction process of a hydrogen-based shaft furnace is level 7,the direct reduction process of a hydrogen-based fluidized bed is level 6,the process of hydrogen-rich blast furnace ironmaking is level 7,and the hydrogen-based melting reduction ironmaking process is level 6.On the whole,the hydrogen metallurgical process is still in the stage of continuous exploration and development,and there are no mature and commercial manufacturers.Finally,the historical development process of the main hydrogen metallurgy process route is reviewed,and the future development trend and prospect of hydrogen metallurgy are dis-cussed.Among the four processes,the direct reduction process of hydrogen-based shaft furnaces is expected to be commercialized at the earliest,and the replacement of hydrogen for carbon in the metallurgical process,helping to achieve nearly zero carbon emissions in steel production.
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