摘要
硫精矿主要成分为黄铁矿,主要用于制酸,但其中往往含有一定量难以分离回收的铜、钴等有价金属.如能综合回收此类资源,对实现矿产资源综合利用,缓解中国铜、钴等资源紧缺具有重要的现实意义.以某硫精矿为研究对象,采用氧化焙烧-酸化浸出联合工艺,考察了综合回收硫精矿中铜、铁、钴的可能性.研究结果表明,在620 ℃、80 min、添加剂质量分数为2％的焙烧条件下烧失率达到19.98％.在搅拌速度为700 r/min、浸出温度为90 ℃、硫酸浓度为1.5 mol/L、浸出时间为8 h的最优焙烧-浸出条件下,钴和铜的综合回收率分别达到89.92％和52.07％;铁全部以赤铁矿形式进入渣相,铁品位(质量分数)约为61.75％,初步实现了铜、钴、铁资源的综合回收.X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、比表面积测试(BET)分析手段表明,硫精矿经过氧化焙烧后,破坏了其中黄铁矿晶体结构,使其向活性更强的赤铁矿转变;同时增大了物料的比表面积和孔径,有利于矿物颗粒铜和钴与浸出剂充分接触,进而促进高效浸出.
Abstract
The main component of sulfur concentrate is pyrite,which is mainly used for acid production.However,it usually contains some valuable metals such as copper and cobalt that are difficult to separate and recover.If such re-sources can be comprehensively recovered,it is of great practical significance to realize the comprehensive utilization of mineral resources and alleviate the shortage of copper,cobalt,and other resources in China.A certain sulfur con-centrate was taken as the research object,and the combined process of oxidative roasting and acid leaching was a-dopted to investigate the possibility of comprehensively recovering copper,iron,and cobalt in the sulfur concentrate.The research results show that under the roasting conditions of 620 ℃,80 min,and 2％additive dosage(mass frac-tion),the loss on ignition reaches 19.98％.Under the optimal roasting-leaching conditions of a stirring speed of 700 r/min,a leaching temperature of 90 ℃,a sulfuric acid concentration of 1.5 mol/L,and a leaching time of 8 h,the comprehensive recovery rates of cobalt and copper reach 89.92％and 52.07％,respectively.All the iron entered the slag phase in the form of hematite,with a mass fraction of approximately 61.75％,thus achieving initial comprehen-sive recovery of copper,cobalt,and iron resources.The analysis methods of X-ray Diffractometer(XRD),Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM),and Brunauer Emmett Teller(BET)show that after the sulfur concentrate is oxidized and roasted,the crystal structure of pyrite is destroyed,making it transform into more active hematite.On the other hand,the specific surface area and pore diameter of the material,are increased,which is conducive to the full contact between the copper and cobalt of mineral particles and the leaching agent,thereby promoting efficient leaching.
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