Analysis of clinical features of allergic rhinitis in children with positive food allergen detection
Objective To summarize the clinical characteristics of children with allergic rhinitis(AR)accompanied by positive food allergen testing,and provide a basis for the diet and nutrition of children with AR.Method This study was a retrospective analysis.330 children with AR accompanied by positive food allergen detection were selected from the Department of Allergy,Beijing Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from January 2021 to December 2022.Serum allergen detection results,including serum total immunoglobulin E(IgE)and serum specific immunoglobulin E(sIgE)of 13 food allergens,were collected,and their clinical characteristics and distribution characteristics of food allergens were analyzed.Result Among the 330 children with AR positive for food allergens,209(63.33%)were males and 121(36.67%)were females.The median age of treatment was 5 years old,and the patients were divided according to age,including 17 cases in the＜3 years old group,155 cases in the 3-＜6 years old group and 158 cases in the≥6 years old group.The proportion of children aged≥6 years old was the highest(47.88%).Serum total IgE ranged from 4 to 4674 kUA/L with a median of 167 kUA/L,among which 78.18%had elevated serum IgE(≥60 kUA/L).There were 99 children with negative inhalation allergen screening and 231 children with positive inhalation allergen screening.The proportion of increased serum total IgE in children with negative inhalation allergen screening was lower than that in children with positive inhalation allergen screening,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).There was statistical significance in the proportion of increased serum total IgE in children of different ages(P＜0.05),and the proportion of increased serum total IgE in≥6 years old group was the highest,followed by 3-＜6 years old group.The three foods with the highest positive rate of food allergens were milk(72.42%),egg white/protein(22.42%)and fruit(13.94%).The distribution of food allergens in children of different ages and genders was compared,and the results showed that the positive rate of egg white/protein in female children was higher than that in male children.The positive rate of egg white/protein was the highest in children＜3 years old,followed by 3-＜6 years old,and the lowest was≥6 years old,with statistical significance(P＜0.05).Conclusion Positive cases of food allergy testing in children with AR were more common in boys,and milk,egg white/protein,and fruit as the main food allergens.Female children and under 3 years old children have the highest positive detection rates for egg white/protein.
Allergic rhinitisFood allergensImmunoglobulin EChildrenSpecific immunoglobulin E
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