Methodological Development of Linking Biodiversity and Recreational Values in Urban Green Spaces
In urban environments the pressure on green spaces to serve both biodiversity and human recreation is greater than ever.In practice,urban biodiversity conservation often has a conflict with human recreational activities.Since green space studies have often discussed ecological and social issues separately,interdisciplinary methods integrating biodiversity and recreational values in the urban green space planning and management have not yet been actively developed.Therefore,three main conceptual frameworks and their methods of trade-offs and synergies between biodiversity conservation and human recreation in urban environmental settings were identified and generalized based on a literature review.The relevant theories and methods can be used for Chinese green space planning and management to measure trade-offs and synergies between urban biodiversity conservation and human recreation.