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大熊猫国家公园社区管理公平性测度及调控机制研究

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社区管理是国家公园体制建设中的重点与难点.国家公园社区管理中存在显著的公平性问题,但对此理论认识、定量分析和调控对策不足.基于农户公平感知视角,在大熊猫国家公园(唐家河园区)进行了实证研究.通过问卷调查、半结构化访谈、相关性分析等方法,测度社区管理公平性,剖析其空间影响因子和规划调控途径.研究发现:1)唐家河社区管理的承认公平较为积极,但程序和分配公平较为消极,在不同行政村和村民小组中存在差异;2)农户学历、年收入及护林员等部分职业会正向影响公平感知,而年龄则负向影响公平感知水平;3)社区管理公平性水平受边界与分区、野生动物栖息地、区位交通条件、政策空间分异等空间相关因素影响,提出相应的规划和政策调控途径.首次提出了国家公园社区管理公平性的定量测度方法,揭示社区管理公平性的分异特征及空间影响因素,为其管理和规划优化提供科学决策依据.
Assessing Perceived Equity in Community Management in Giant Panda National Park and Its Regulatory Mechanisms
Community management is the key but difficult task in constructing China's national park system,among which social equity remains one of the most severe issues.However,few studies have systematically focused on it,especially in the theoretical understanding,quantitative analysis and regulatory countermeasure aspects.From the perspective of perceived equity amongst farmer households,and by conducting questionnaires,semi-structured interviews,and association analysis,the research assessed the equity levels of community management to analyze the spatial factors and regulatory approaches in Giant Panda National Park.The results showed that:1)Local perceptions towards recognitional equity were overall positive,while those for procedural and distributional fairness were somewhat negative,with large variation in different administrative villages and village groups;2)Education levels,annual income,and parts of occupation(e.g.forest rangers)could positively affect fairness perceptions,while age exerted a negative impact;3)Spatial influencing factors of community-based equity included boundary and zoning,wildlife habitat,location and traffic conditions and the spatial differentiation of policies,which could be regulated by optimizing the spatial planning and improving the policy system.This study made the first attempt to assess the social equity levels in national parks through quantitative approach,and disclosed its key influencing spatial factors to provide a scientific decision-making basis for community management and planning of the Giant Panda National Park.

landscape architectureprotected areas(PAs)community governancefairness perceptionsplanning regulation

张引、陈秋瑾、张雨琦、杜春兰

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重庆大学建筑城规学院 重庆400045

荷兰格罗宁根大学空间科学学院 格罗宁根 9747AD

重庆大学建筑城规学院

山地城镇建设与新技术教育部重点实验室 重庆400045

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风景园林 自然保护地 社区治理 公平感知 规划调控

重庆英才计划项目(省部级社会科学项目)中央高校基本业务费项目中国博士后科学基金项目国家自然科学青年基金项目唐家河国家级自然保护区林业科学基础研究资助项目国家自然科学基金专项项目

2022YC0262023CDJXY-0082021M70057452108040CXYCS[2023]114号72241413

2024

10.19775/j.cla.2024.01.0093

中国园林
中国风景园林学会

中国园林

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：1.108
ISSN：1000-6664
年,卷(期)：2024.(1)
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