Effects of High-speed Railway on the Spatial Distribution of Wildlife and Habitat Suitability Evaluation:A Case Study of Wuhan Wulongquan Section of Beijing-Guangzhou High-speed Railway
As an important transportation infrastructure in China,the construction and operation of high-speed railway(HSR)inevitably affect the environment along the route to varying degrees.Habitat analysis of the disturbance of HSR is an important approach to realize biological protection along the routes.Based on the long-term infrared camera monitoring results of the rural sample sites of Wuhan Wulongquan section of Beijing-Guangzhou High-speed Railway,the effects of high-speed railway on the spatial distribution of wild animals along the railway were analyzed.The representative species of local terrestrial wild animal,chamois muntjac,was selected and the data of its distribution points were extracted.MaxEnt model was used to predict the distribution of suitable habitat areas of chamois muntjac,and the influence degree of four types of environmental variables:climate,topography,human disturbance and water source was analyzed.The results indicate that:1)The high-speed railway has a significant spatial barrier effect on badgers and yellow-throated martens;2)Reeve's muntjac,white-faced pheasant,yellow-throated marten,badger,and masked palm civet all exhibit avoidance behavior towards the high-speed railway;3)The suitable habitat for the representative species Reeve's muntjac is mainly distributed in the central part of the core area,and the distance from the high-speed railway is the primary factor affecting its habitat suitability.Moreover,the maximum impact distance of the high-speed railway on Reeve's muntjac habitat is approximately 1,500 meters.According to the disturbance of high-speed rail construction of wildlife habitats,the restoration of damaged habitats can be promoted by increasing water sources and creating vegetation space suitable for animal survival.The results can provide reference for spatial identification and restoration strategies of damaged habitats along high-speed lines.
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