摘要
目的:为我国药品价格改革和医保支付标准优化提供参考.方法:通过检索各国政府官方政策文件和期刊文章,研究德国、日本、澳大利亚、英国、丹麦、加拿大和新加坡的药品价格治理手段,分析药品全生命周期内的不同价格形成机制.结果 与结论:各国在药品全生命周期的不同阶段综合运用了自由定价、基于价值定价、参考定价、成本定价、支出总额控制、价格冻结、强制回扣、最高限价、平行进口等价格治理方法.建议围绕药品生命周期采取差异化的治理策略,完善参考定价机制和卫生技术评估在我国药品定价与医保准入中的应用,对药品价格进行动态调整,加强相关组织机构之间的协同合作.
Abstract
Objective:The paper attempts to provide a reference for pharmaceutical price reform and optimization of the payment standard of medical insurance in China. Methods:We studied the pharmaceutical price governance tools in Germany,Japan,Australia,the United Kingdom,Denmark,Canada and Singapore by searching official policy documents issued by governments and journal articles,and analyzed the different price formation mechanisms during the drug life cycle. Results and Conclusions:All the countries have comprehensively utilized price governance methods such as free pricing,value-based pricing,reference pricing,cost-based pricing,total expenditure control,price freezing,mandatory rebates,ceiling price and parallel import at different stages of the drug life cycle. It is recommended to adopt differentiated governance strategies around the drug life cycle,improve the reference pricing mechanism and the application of health technology assessment in China's drug pricing and medical insurance access,dynamically adjust drug prices,and strengthen the synergy and cooperation between related organizations.
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