Analysis of the current status and risk factors of complications after implantation of external ear reconstruction skin and soft tissue expander
Objective Exploring the current situation and risk factors of complications after the implantation of external ear reconstruction skin and soft tissue expanders,providing reference for the development of clinical intervention measures.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 151 patients(163 ears)with external ear reconstruction who underwent posterior ear skin soft tissue expander implantation in our hospital from January 2020 to March 2023,in order to understand the current status of complications;According to whether there are complications after the implantation of the skin and soft tissue expander behind the ear,it is divided into a complication group and a non complication group,and multiple logistic regression analysis is used to identify the risk factors for complications after the implantation of the skin and soft tissue expander after external ear reconstruction.Results In this study,complications occurred in 37 out of 163 ears,with a total incidence rate of 22.69%.Among them,there were 18 cases of hematoma,accounting for 48.65%of the total complications,10 ears of infection,accounting for 27.03%,4 ears of incision rupture,accounting for 10.81%,3 ears of dilator leakage,accounting for 8.11%,1 ear of dilator non opening,accounting for 2.70%,and 1 ear of flap necrosis,accounting for 2.70%;The average time for complications to occur is(6.82±1.65)days after the implantation of the dilator.The results of univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences between the complication group and the non complication group in terms of age,place of residence,drainage tube placement method,expander capacity,and water injection speed(P<0.05);Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that living in rural areas(OR=2.079,95%CI:1.166～3.707,P =0.013),flat placement of drainage tubes(OR=1.898,95%CI:0.962～3.748,P =0.065),expander capacity>100ml(OR=2.092,95%CI:1.128～3.878,P =0.019),and water injection rate≥3 times per week(OR=1.962,95%CI:1.049～3.667,P =0.035)were risk factors for postoperative complications of posterior ear skin and soft tissue expander implantation.Conclusion The incidence of complications after the implantation of a soft tissue expander for external ear reconstruction is relatively high.Living in rural areas,placing the drainage tube in a flat position,having a expander capacity greater than 100ml,and injecting water at a rate of≥3 times per week are risk factors for complications.Clinically,appropriate drainage methods and expander capacities should be selected based on the patient's actual situation,and scientific injection rates should be implemented to reduce the incidence of complications and provide sufficient skin flaps for external ear reconstruction.
External ear reconstructionBehind the earSkin and soft tissueDilatorComplicationsRisk factors
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