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医疗科技下近视眼手术的治疗现状与防治

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在我国近视眼的发病年龄越来越小、发病率越来越广泛、高度近视比例逐年提高.儿童随着年级增加,中、高度近视占比迅速增加.在儿童和青少年时期,尤其是在8~16岁,近视的发展比较快,每年近视度数的增长可能在-0.75至-2.00屈光度(D).这一时期是近视发展的关键阶段,眼睛正在快速发育之中,长时间近距离用眼行为可能导致近视的发生和发展.现代社会中,儿童和青少年经常长时间使用电子设备,相对缺乏户外活动,这可能会加剧近视的发展.因此,为了更有效地控制近视的进展,建议采取适当的干预措施,如增加户外活动时间、调整用眼习惯以及减少连续近距离用眼的时间.同时,定期的眼部检查和专业的医学指导也是必要的.对于青少年近视患者,手术成为主要治疗手段,有晶体眼后房型人工晶体植入术(ICL)手术量在2021年~2023年间呈现显著增长.2023年较2022年的增长达到了37%.这一增长趋势表明,中低度近视人群对ICL手术的接受度正逐年上升.近视防控已上升至国家战略高度,多部门采取了多项举措,积极引导近视防控工作.
The Current Treatment Status and Prevention and Treatment of Myopia Surgery Under Current Medical Technology
In China,the age of onset of myopia is getting younger and younger,the incidence rate is getting wider and wider,and the proportion of high myopia is increasing year by year.As children increase in grade,the proportion of moderate to high myopia rapidly increases.The speed of myopia development is relatively fast,especially in the age range of 8-16,with an annual increase in myopia degree ranging from 75-200 degrees.Childhood is one of the critical periods for the development of myopia.At this stage,the eyes are developing rapidly,and prolonged close eye use may lead to myopia.In modern society,children often use electronic devices such as mobile phones,tablets,etc.for long periods of time and lack outdoor activity time.This behavior pattern can exacerbate the development of myopia in children.Therefore,in order to prevent myopia in children,parents should encourage their children to engage in outdoor activities,control the time of using electronic devices,and maintain good eye habits.Regular eye examinations and appropriate treatment and protection according to the doctor's advice are key to preventing the deterioration of myopia.For teenagers who are already nearsighted,surgery is mainly used to treat myopia,and the number of ICL surgeries has shown a significant increase from 2021 to 2023.The growth rate in 2023 compared to 2022 reached 37%.This growth trend indicates that the acceptance of ICL surgery among people with moderate to low myopia is increasing year by year.Myopia prevention and control has been elevated to a national strategic level,and multiple departments have taken multiple measures to actively guide myopia prevention and control work.

myopiastatusprevention and control

周飞、刘永婷、杨正菊、刘永鹏

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甘肃省医疗器械检验检测所(甘肃 兰州 730000)

兰州市第六十一中学(甘肃 兰州 730000)

甘肃省食品检验研究院(甘肃 兰州 730000)

近视眼 现状 防治

2024

中国医疗器械信息
中国医疗器械行业协会

中国医疗器械信息

影响因子:0.375
ISSN:1006-6586
年,卷(期):2024.30(19)