Effects of peanut/cotton intercropping with constant width on photosynthetic characteristics,yield,and benefits of peanut in saline-alkali soil
To ptimize the utilization of temperature,light,and heat resources and enhance the overall benefits of agricultural production in saline-alkali land,the effects of different row positions on photosynthate accumulation,light intensity,chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics,yield,and benefit of peanut were investigated through a field experiment under a high-efficiency cropping pattern with an annual rotation of peanut/cotton 6:4 intercrop-ping.The results demonstrated that:(1)Constant amplitude peanut/cotton intercropping in salt-alkali soil signifi-cantly enhanced the main stem height,lateral branch length,and non-photochemical quenching coefficient(NPQ)of functional leaves,while substantially reducing bioaccumulation,SPAD value,leaf area index,net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,and yield of intercropped peanut.Simultaneously,the intercropping system increased the number of fruiting branches,boll number per plant,boll weight,yield of intercropped cotton as well as its compre-hensive economic benefit.(2)The peak radiation distribution within the canopy on both sides of the intercropped peanut row(IP1 and IP3),peanut monoculture and cotton monoculture all occurred at 12:00;However it was de-layed until 14:00 in the middle ridge of the intercropped peanut row(IP2).Moreover,the radiation intensity in IP1 and IP3 was significantly lower compared to that observed in peanut monoculture.(3)The row position significantly influenced the photosynthetic efficiency of peanut-cotton intercropping system after flowering-pegging stage.SPAD,LAI,and NPQ values in IP2 were significantly higher than those in IP1 and IP3,while there were no signifi-cant differences between IP1 and IP3.Pn,Gs,and Tr were significantly affected by location and ridge position.In Dongying site,no significant difference was found in the row position of intercropped peanut at neither growth stage.But in Gaotang site,intercropping system significantly reduced Pn,Gs,and Tr of intercropped peanut functional leaves compared to monocrops;and these 3 traits in IP2 were significantly higher than those in IP1 and IP3.Com-pared to cotton monoculture,the intercropping system increased benefit by 11.94%(Dongying)and 27.08%(Gao-tang)respectively.However,the yield of intercropped peanut and cotton were both decreased compared to monocul-ture at the two testing sites.The land equivalent ratio of intercrop-ping systems exceeded 1.02.
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