小麦-玉米‖花生周年轮作对土壤理化性状和有机碳的影响
Effects of annual wheat-maize‖peanut rotation on soil physicochemical properties and organic carbon
张思培 1伊淼 2王建国 3杨莎 3彭振英 3崔利 3张正 3郭峰 3张佳蕾 3万书波3
作者信息
- 1. 山东省农业科学院,山东 济南,250100;山东师范大学生命科学学院,山东 济南,250358
- 2. 汶上县第一中学,山东 济宁,272500
- 3. 山东省农业科学院,山东 济南,250100
- 折叠
摘要
为探究小麦-玉米‖花生周年轮作模式对植株碳积累量、土壤理化性质、土壤有机碳储量的影响,通过大田试验研究了周年植株碳积累、土壤容重、土壤团聚体、0～100 cm土壤含水量、土壤有机碳变化特征.设置5种种植方式,小麦-单作花生(W-P)、小麦-单作玉米(W-M)、小麦-玉米‖花生(行比3:4,W-M‖P1)、小麦-玉米‖花生(行比3:6,W-M‖P2)、小麦-玉米‖花生(行比6:8,W-M‖P3).结果表明:间作模式下,2018-2019年花生、玉米植株碳积累显著低于单作处理,但间作模式的碳当量比均大于1,其中以M‖P2处理最大.与玉米茬小麦(W-M)相比,间作茬(W-M‖P)、花生茬(W-P)小麦植株碳累积量增加了487.09～1148.08 kg/hm2.间作茬口降低冬小麦季0～10 cm土层土壤容重,提高冬小麦季深层土壤小颗粒团聚体(0.25～2 mm)和冬小麦季表层土壤微团聚体(<0.25 mm)的比例.三种间作模式中,M‖P2水分利用效率显著高于M‖P1和M‖P3,分别提高3.22％、8.29％.间作茬口增加冬小麦季0～60 cm土层中各粒级团聚体有机碳含量,同时增加小麦茬0～60 cm土层的土壤有机碳含量和储量,其中W-M‖P2的有机碳储量与W-M和W-P相比分别增加2.55％和4.05％.总之,小麦-玉米‖花生周年轮作模式降低了表层土壤容重,改善了深层土壤小团聚体和表层微团聚体结构,提高了作物植株碳积累量和水分利用效率,增加了0～60 cm土层土壤有机碳储量.
Abstract
To better understand rotation effects of annual wheat-maize‖peanut pattern on carbon accumula-tion,field experiments were conducted to investigate the changes of annual plant carbon accumulation,soil bulk density,soil aggregate,0-100 cm soil water content and soil organic carbon.Five patterns were set up,namely,wheat-peanut rotation(W-P),wheat-maize rotation(W-M),wheat-maize‖peanut(row ratio 3:4,W-M‖P1),wheat-maize‖peanut(row ratio 3:6,W-M‖P2),wheat-maize‖peanut(row ratio 6:8,W-M‖P3).Results showed that car-bon accumulation of peanut and corn in intercropping mode was significantly lower than those in monoculture mode in 2018-2019,but the carbon-land equivalent ratio of intercropping mode was greater than 1,and M‖P2 treatment was the largest.Compared with maize(W-M),the carbon accumulation of wheat(W-M‖P)and peanut(W-P)in in-tercropping increased by 487.09 kg/hm2 to 1148.08 kg/hm2.Intercropping decreased the bulk density of 0-10 cm soil layer in winter wheat season,and increased the proportion of small particle aggregates(0.25-2 mm)in deep soil of winter wheat season and micro-aggregates(<0.25mm)in surface soil of winter wheat season.In the 3 intercrop-ping modes,the water use efficiency of M‖P2 was significantly higher than those of M‖P1 and M‖P3,increasing by 3.22%and 8.29%,respectively.Intercropping increased the organic carbon content of aggregates in 0-60 cm soil layer of winter wheat season,and increased the soil organic carbon content and storage in 0-60 cm soil layer of wheat stubble.The organic carbon storage of W-M‖P2 increased by 2.55%and 4.05%compared with W-M and W-P,respectively.In conclusion,the wheat-maize‖peanut annual rotation model reduced the bulk density of surface soil,improved the structure of deep soil small aggregates and surface micro-aggregates,increased carbon accumula-tion and water use efficiency of crop plants,and increased soil organic carbon storage in 0-60 cm soil layer.
关键词
小麦-玉米‖花生/土壤理化性质/碳积累/水分利用效率Key words
wheat-maize‖peanut/soil physical and chemical properties/carbon accumulation/water use efficiency引用本文复制引用
基金项目
现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-13)
山东省重点研发计划(2022CXPT031)
山东省重点研发计划(2023TZXD012)
山东省"泰山学者"项目(tsqn202211275)
山东省"泰山学者"项目(tspd20221107)
出版年
2024
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据