摘要
为明确不同的玉米‖花生模式对花生干物质积累、产量形成及氮、钙养分吸收的影响,探究最佳的间作模式,设置5种种植方式,即玉米单作(SM)、花生单作(SP)、玉米‖花生行比3:4(IMP1)、3:6(IMP2)、6:8(IMP3).2018-2019两年试验结果表明:间作的玉米产量和花生产量均低于单作,但三种间作模式的土地当量比均大于1,且IMP2最高.对于间作体系总产量而言,IMP1和IMP2无显著差异,但显著高于IMP3,较IMP3分别提高4.69%～4.70%和5.04%～5.97%.间作花生群体干物质、氮素和钙素积累量在花生结荚期后显著低于单作.在三种不同的间作模式中,IMP2的群体干物质、氮素和钙素积累量显著高于IMP1和IMP3模式,成熟期IMP2的花生群体干物质较IMP1、IMP3分别提高40.07%～47.16%和25.24%～25.72%;群体氮积累量分别提高33.63%～43.28%和26.58%～29.34%;群体钙积累量分别提高33.48%～49.06%和34.25%～38.97%.IMP2和IMP3的中垄(MR)花生群体干物质、氮素和钙素积累量均高于东垄(ER)和西垄(WR),但差异不显著.综合以上分析可得,玉米花生间作行比3:6具有明显的间作优势.
Abstract
To clarify the impact of different maize‖peanut intercropping patterns on peanut production,dry matter accumulation,yield formation,as well as nitrogen and calcium nutrient absorption were investigated.Five planting modes were set,namely maize monoculture(SM),peanut monoculture(SP),maize‖peanut row ratios of 3:4(IMP1),3:6(IMP2),and 6:8(IMP3).Experimental results from 2018 to 2019 showed that both maize and peanut yields under intercropping were lower than under monoculture,but the land equivalent ratios of the 3 intercropping patterns were all greater than 1,with IMP2 being the highest.For the total yield of the intercropping system,IMP1 and IMP2 showed no significant difference but were significantly higher than IMP3.The total yields of IMP1 and IMP2 were increased by 4.69%-4.70%and 5.04%-5.97%compared to IMP3,respectively.After pod setting,the dry matter,nitrogen,and calcium accumulations of intercropped peanut population were significantly lower than those in monoculture.Among the 3 different intercropping patterns,IMP2 had significantly higher dry matter,nitro-gen,and calcium accumulation than IMP1 and IMP3.At maturity,dry matter accumulation of peanut population in IMP2 was increased by 40.07%-47.16%and 25.24%-25.72%compared to IMP1 and IMP3,respectively;nitrogen accumulation increased by 33.63%-43.28%and 26.58%-29.34%,respectively;and calcium accumulation in-creased by 33.48%-49.06%and 34.25%-38.97%,respectively.These accumulations of the middle ridge(MR)pea-nut population in IMP2 and IMP3 were higher than those of the east ridge(ER)and west ridge(WR),but the differ-ences were not significant.In conclusion,maize-peanut row ratio of 3:6 exhibited significant intercropping advan-tages.
基金项目
山东省现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(SDAIT-04-05)
现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-13)
山东省重点研发计划(ZFJH202310)
山东省重点研发计划(2022CXPT031)
山东省重点研发计划(2023TZXD012)
山东省"泰山学者"项目(tsqn202211275)
山东省"泰山学者"项目(tspd20221107)
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据