Effects of layered nitrogen application with different proportions on nitrogen accumulation and yield formation of peanut
To optimize nitrogen(N)fertilizer application,impact of N proportion in two soil layers on peanut N accumulation and yield was studied.Separated N applications were set in peanut fruiting layer(soil layer 0-10 cm)and roots centralized layer(soil layer 10-20 cm).Pot experiment was designed using 9 treatments:N0 with no nitro-gen(control);N1(all-soil-layer nitrogen fertilizer mixed);single-layers as N2(N application depth of 8 cm)and N3(N application depth of 16 cm);separated layers with N4,N5,N6,N7 and N8(with N application proportions of 1:1,1:2,1:3,2:1 and 3:1 at the depth of 8 cm and 16 cm respectively).The amount of N fertilizer applied at each term was 120 kg/hm2.Results showed that compared with the mixed(N1),individual pod weight increased in those with layered N application.The best proportion of layered N application could be 1:2(N5).Compared with N1(the mixed),the total number of pods,full fruits number,and pods weight in N5(1:2)increased by 16.02％,14.17％,and 14.35％respectively.Layered N application benefited growth of root nodules.Compared with the mixed application(N1),nodules fresh weight and nodule numbers in N5(1:2)increased by 17.65％and 24.89％respectively.Each lay-ered N application increased dry matter accumulation of roots,stems,leaves,and pods during 3 stages as seedling,pod-setting,and maturation of peanuts.The dry matter accumulation per plant at the maturity stage was in the order of layered N application>deep application(N3)>mixed application(N1)>shallow application(N2)>N0.Among the different layered treatments,N5 had the highest dry matter accumulation.Both deep and layered application of N increased N accumulation.Compared with N1(mixed),plant N accumulation under N5 was increased by 27.08％and N accumulation of pods increased by 21.33％.In conclusion,compared with single-layer N application,or high percentage of shallow N application,layered application of N(1∶2)was more benefit to peanut nodules,also to plant growth,plant N accumulation and pod yield.
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