2020-2023年中国登记花生品种主要性状演变分析
Evolution analysis of main traits of registered peanut varieties in China from 2020 to 2023
张珍珍 1王朝欢 1夏友霖 1毛金雄 1王洋 1杜青 1杨欢 1游宇1
作者信息
- 1. 南充市农业科学院,四川 南充,637000
- 折叠
摘要
为探明花生品种选育发展变化趋势,对2020-2023年国家登记的587个花生品种的来源分布、选育方式、产量、品质等相关性状进行统计分析.结果表明,587个花生品种主要来自于华北、华南、长江中下游地区,其中山东和河南两省登记数量占总登记数量的53.83%;选育单位主要为科研院所,占比71.72%;品种选育方式以杂交选育为主.花生平均生育期122.0 d,荚果产量4721.5 kg/hm2,籽仁产量3342.9 kg/hm2,百果重200.7 g,百仁重81.0 g,单株饱果数16.8个;花生荚果产量、籽仁产量随登记时间有呈逐年降低趋势.品质方面,油酸含量变异系数最大,为29.91%,含油量变异系数最小,为6.03%;油酸含量≥75%、含油量≥55%、蛋白含量≥28%的品种分别有215、73、55个.聚类分析在欧式距离为12时将花生品种分为3个类群,可分别作为高产、小粒、早熟材料.
Abstract
In order to explore the development of peanut breeding in China,source distribution,breeding meth-ods,yield,quality and other related characteristics of 587 peanut varieties registered during 2020-2023 were statis-tically analyzed.Results showed that 587 peanut varieties were mainly from North China,South China and the mid-dle-and lower-reaches of the Yangtze River,of which Shandong and Henan provinces accounted for 53.83%of the total,and the breeding units were mainly scientific research institutes,accounting for 71.72%.The main breeding method was hybridization.The average growth period of peanut was 122.0 d;pod and seed yields were 4721.5 kg/hm2 and 3342.9 kg/hm2 respectively;100-pod weight and 100-seed weight were 200.7 g and 81.0 g respectively;the full Pod per plant was 16.8;pod yield,seed yield and full Pod per plant decreased by years with the registration time.In terms of quality,coefficient of variation of oleic acid content(29.91%)was the largest,and oil content(6.03%)was the smallest.There were 215,73 and 55 varieties with oleic acid content≥75%,oil content≥55%and protein content≥28%,respectively.By cluster analysis,peanut varieties were divided into 3 groups:high yield,small grain and early maturity with the Euclidean distance as 12.
关键词
花生/登记品种/农艺性状/品质性状/综合分析Key words
peanut/registered varieties/agronomic traits/quality traits/comprehensive analysis引用本文复制引用
基金项目
四川省农作物育种攻关计划(2021YFYZ0018)
国家花生产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-13)
现代农业产业技术体系建设项目四川区域特色经济作物创新团队项目(2024-2028)()
南充市科技重大专项(22ZDKJZX0002)
南充市科技计划(23JCYJPT0001)
南充市科技计划(22JCYJPT0026)
四川省科技计划(2023JDRC0118)
南充市科技计划(22JCYJPT0002)
出版年
2024
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据