Screening of fungicides for the control of peanut stem rot
In order to screen fungicides for managing peanut stem rot,the toxicity of five fungicides against Athelia rolfsii was determined through inhibiting mycelial growth and sclerotia germination under laboratory condi-tions.Controlling efficacy to peanut stem rot was also evaluated in the field.Results of in vitro assay showed that thiofuramide and its compound formulations exhibited stronger inhibition on the mycelial growth of A.rolfsii,with EC50 values ranging from 37.12 µg/L to 80.35 µg/L.In contrast,thiram·dimetachlone exhibited weaker inhibition on the mycelial growth,with an EC50 value of 9541.39 µg/L.The medium containing higher amounts of thiofuramide resulted in less sclerotia production by A.roflsii,while the medium with different amounts of thiram·dimetachlone did not show significant difference.All five fungicides inhibited A.rolfsii sclerotia germination.Thiofuramide and its compound formulations on sclerotia germination decreased from 48 hours to 1 week,whereas thiram·dimetachlone exhibited consistent performance.Four fungicides,excluding thiofur·tebuconazole,exhibited field control efficacy ranging from 8.36%to 28.26%.Thiofuramide,thiofur·pyrazolate,and thiofur·azoxystrobin treat-ments increased peanut yield by over 20%compared to the untreated control.Based on results of in vitro assay and field tests,thiofur·pyrazolate and thiofur·azoxystrobin,were found to be effective against A.rolfsii.
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