摘要
针对丹霞冶炼厂锌粉置换渣浸出过程中镓浸出率偏低问题,采用ICP-AES、XRD与SEM-EDS对不同批次锌粉置换渣化学成分、物相与形貌进行详细分析.与正常生产锌粉置换渣相比,异常锌粉置换渣中镓主要赋存于黄钾铁矾之中,造成镓浸出困难.对锌粉置换渣氧压浸出过程进行分析,镓、砷和铁溶出规律较为一致:增大硫酸浓度和液固比有利于镓、铁和砷的浸出,但提高温度和氧气分压对镓、铁和砷溶出不利.依据上述研究结果,提出强化镓浸出效率的改善措施,弱化一段氧压浸出(分别降低反应温度和压缩空气总压至90 ℃和0.2 MPa)与强化三段常压浸出(分别提高硫酸浓度和反应温度至160 g/L和85 ℃),镓的浸出效率由77.83％提高至96.46％.
Abstract
Aiming at solving low Ga leaching efficiency during actual industrial production in Danxia Smelter,chemical composition,phases and morphologies of various zinc refinery residues were characterized using ICP-AES,XRD and SEM-EDS.Compared with the normal material,Ga was embedded in the jarosite phase from the special zinc refinery residue,causing difficulty in Ga leaching.During the oxidation pressure leaching,the dissolution behaviors of Ga,As and Fe presented similar variation tendency.Namely,a sufficient H2SO4 concentration and liquid-to-solid ratio promoted the dissolution of Ga,Fe and As,whereas higher reaction temperature and oxygen partial pressure weakened the leaching.Based on the results,leaching parameters were optimized for enhancing Ga recovery.Through weakening the 1st oxidation pressure leaching(by decreasing reaction temperature and total pressure to 90 ℃ and 0.2 MPa,respectively)and strengthening the 3rd atmospheric leaching(by increasing H2SO4 concentration and reaction temperature to 160 g/L and 85 ℃,respectively),the leaching efficiency of Ga increased from 77.83％to 96.46％.
基金项目
国家重点研发计划(2021YFC2902802)
国家重点研发计划(2021YFC2902805)
国家重点研发计划(2021YFC2902602)
国家重点研发计划(2021YFC2902604)
广东省自然科学基金(2023A1515030145)
Guangdong Academy of Science Special Funds,China(2020GDASYL-0104027)
Guangdong Academy of Science Special Funds,China(2022GDASZH-2022010104)
Guangdong Academy of Science Special Funds,China(2021GDASYL-20210302004)
维普
万方数据