摘要
近年来,随着"碳达峰"、"碳中和"等目标的提出,新能源电动汽车发展迅速,锂离子电池的需求量也随之剧增,而大量锂离子电池的使用也必将迎来锂离子电池爆发式退役,从而大量的废旧锂离子电池有待回收.锂电池大致可分为三元锂电池、磷酸铁锂电池、钴酸锂电池、锰酸锂电池四大类,目前主要的回收方法有火法冶金技术、湿法冶金技术.本文叙述了近年来上述四大类锂离子电池正极目标金属的回收研究现状,从流程的难易程度、目标金属的提取效率以及对环境是否产生污染性气体或废液等多个方面来分析各项工艺.最后,对不同冶金工艺的优缺点进行总结以及未来的前景进行展望.
Abstract
In recent years,with the"carbon peak","carbon neutrality"and other goals being proposed,new energy electric vehicles are developing rapidly,demand for lithium-ion batteries has soared.The use of a large number of lithium-ion batteries will also usher in the explosive elimination of lithium-ion batteries,resulting in a large number of waste lithium-ion batteries to be recycled.Lithium batteries can be roughly divided into four categories:NCM,LFP,LCO,LMO,the main recovery methods are pyrometallurgical technology and hydrometallurgy technology.In this paper,the research status of the recovery of the positive metal of lithium ion batteries in recent years was described,various processes were analyzed from many aspects,such as the difficulty of the process,the extraction efficiency of the target metal,and whether the pollution gas or waste liquid was generated to the environment.Finally,the advantages and disadvantages of different metallurgical processes were summarized and the future prospects were prospected.
基金项目
云南省有色金属真空冶金顶尖团队项目(202305AS350012)
NETL
NSTL
万方数据