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粉末床熔融式增材制造钛合金研究进展及应用

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钛及其合金的粉末床熔融式(PBF)增材制造技术因具有定制制造、成本节约和时间优化等优势,在航空以及生物医学领域备受关注.但在PBF制造钛合金时,多种因素如热导率低、热积累、氧化敏感性及快速冷却引起的热应力共同导致成形件缺陷、组织差异、性能不稳定与质量参差不齐等问题.因此,本文通过调研PBF技术中的激光粉末床熔融(Laser powder bed fusion,L-PBF)和电子束粉末床熔融(Electron beam powder bed fusion,EB-PBF)技术原理,讨论PBF增材制造钛合金微观组织特征、力学性能、耐腐蚀性能、耐磨损性能与生物相容性的特点;同时,聚焦成形过程中的缺陷形成机理及影响,提出缺陷消除方法;最后,展望两种技术的未来发展方向,为促进创新钛合金增材制造提供新的研究思路.
Research status and application of powder bed fusion additive manufactured titanium alloys
Powder Bed Fusion(PBF)of titanium and its alloys,an additive manufacturing technique,is garnering significant attention in the aerospace and biomedical fields due to its advantages in customized manufacturing,cost savings,and optimization of time.However,when manufacturing titanium alloys using PBF technique,multiple factors such as low thermal conductivity,thermal accumulation,sensitivity to oxidation,and thermal stresses caused by rapid cooling led to issues like defects in the formed parts,structural heterogeneity,instability in performance,and inconsistent quality.Therefore,this paper investigates the principles of Laser Powder Bed Fusion(L-PBF)and Electron Beam Powder Bed Fusion(EB-PBF)within the PBF technique,discusses the characteristics of the microstructure,mechanical properties,corrosion resistance,wear resistance,and biocompatibility of titanium alloys produced by PBF,focuses on the mechanisms of defect formation and their impact during the forming process,and proposes methods to eliminate these defects.Finally,it looks forward to the future development of both technologies with the aim of fostering new research avenues in innovative titanium alloy additive manufacturing.

titanium alloysadditive manufacturingpowder bed fusionmicrostructurepropertiesdefectsapplication

毛雅梅、赵秦阳、耿纪华、刘燮、陈永楠、张凤英、徐义库、宋绪丁、赵永庆

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长安大学 材料科学与工程学院,西安 710064

长安大学 工程机械学院,西安 710064

西北有色金属研究院,西安 710016

钛合金 增材制造 粉末床熔融 微观组织 性能 缺陷 应用

国家自然科学基金资助项目陕西省重点研发计划资助项目陕西省秦创原"科学家+工程师"队伍建设项目冲击与冲击材料国家重点实验室项目西安市"科学家+工程师"队伍建设项目

52371092S2021-LLRH-JB-JC-3-00012024QCY-KXJ-107614290222020223KGDW0020-2023

2024

10.11817/j.ysxb.1004.0609.2024-44838

中国有色金属学报
中国有色金属学会

中国有色金属学报

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：1.108
ISSN：1004-0609
年,卷(期)：2024.34(9)