Extraction and separation of nickel and cobalt from spent ternary lithium batteries leachate using Cyanex 301
In recent years,the global sales of electric vehicles have surged,and the recycling of spent lithium batteries has become increasingly urgent.In this paper,the research focuses on the sulfuric acid leaching solution of spent ternary lithium battery cathode material.The Ni(Ⅱ)and Co(Ⅱ)were selectively separated and recovered by Cyanex 301.The study investigated the impact of initial pH,extraction phase ratio,and extraction time on the extraction rate of each metal.It also examined the effects of HCl concentration,stripping time,and stripping temperature on the stripping rate of the metal.The results show that the initial pH is 2.0,the phase ratio(O/A)is 2∶1,the volume fraction of Cyanex 301 is 20%,the extraction time is 30 min,and the extraction rates of Ni(Ⅱ)and Co(Ⅱ)are 97.32%and 99.45%,respectively,through a two-stage countercurrent extraction process.After the extraction is completed,Co(Ⅱ)is stripped at 25℃through a three-stage countercurrent process,while Ni(Ⅱ)is stripped at 80℃using a two-stage countercurrent process.Under optimal conditions,the stripping rates reach 99.23%and 99.08%,respectively.Finally,FT-IR and 1H NMR analyses have preliminarily proven that the extraction process of Ni(Ⅱ)and Co(Ⅱ)involves a cation exchange between the metal ions and the H+in the S—H bond,along with the formation of a coordination bond with the P=S bond.
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