Properties of flame retardant polyurethane composites based on battery solid waste
The cathode materials of spent lithium batteries were treated by high temperature calcination and alkali leaching to obtain lithium nickel cobalt manganate (NCM),which was combined with piperazine pyrophosphate (PAPP).The flame retardant thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer composites were prepared by melt blending technology.The properties of the composites were evaluated by universal testing machine,thermogravimetric analysis (TG),limiting oxygen index (LOI),vertical combustion (UL-94),cone calorimetry (CCT) and other methods.The results show that the addition of NCM improves the mechanical properties and flame retardancy of the TPU composites.The LOI increases from 22.5％ to 27.6％ (volume fraction),and UL-94 reaches V-0 level.The cone calorimeter test show that,after adding NCM and PAPP,the heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) of the composite are reduced by 71.1％ and 21.9％,respectively,compared with the pure sample,and the fire safety performance is significantly improved.The analysis results of carbon residue show that the compounding of NCM and PAPP helps to form a dense graphitized carbon layer and enhanced the fire resistance.The study provides theoretical support for the resource utilization of waste lithium battery cathode materials and the development of high-performance composites.
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