摘要
生物浸出是一种绿色低碳的矿产资源利用方法,具有能耗低、污染小、资源利用率高等优点,近年来已成为硅酸盐矿开发利用的研究热点.本文总结了近十年来与硅酸盐矿生物浸出相关的研究进展,主要涉及云母、长石、页岩、低品质煤和粉煤灰,以及低品位铝土矿和赤泥等,重点介绍了生物浸出硅酸盐矿的研究方法和微生物的作用机制,比较了不同硅酸盐矿生物浸出的难易程度以及不同微生物的浸出性能.最后,本文针对目前研究中微生物培养成本高、浸出效率低及浸出机制不够深入等问题进行了分析和讨论,并对硅酸盐矿生物浸出领域未来发展方向进行了展望.
Abstract
Bioleaching technology,as a green and low-carbon mineral resources utilization method,has the advantages of low energy consumption,low pollution,and high resource utilization.In recent years,it has become a research hotspot in the exploitation of silicate mines.This paper summarized the research progress related to the bioleaching of silicate minerals in the past decade,mainly involving mica,feldspar,shale,coal gangue and coal fly ash,as well as low-grade bauxite and red mud.Also,research methods of silicate bioleaching and mechanisms underlying bioleaching were introduced.The bio-decomposability of different silicate minerals and leaching performance of different microbes were compared.Finally,based on the shortcomings of current research,such as low leaching efficiency,high cultivation cost of microorganisms,and lack of in-depth research on mechanisms,we provided future research directions in the field of bioleaching of silicate minerals.
维普
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