Traditional printing technology offers limited visual effects and typically relies on inks containing highly polluting heavy metals and polymers,resulting in serious environmental pollution.To deal with the above problems,a hybrid refractive-diffractive and ink-free printing technique was explored.Vibrant colorization was achieved using micro-nano structures to control light refraction and diffraction.Furthermore,the moiré imaging principle was used to address the challenges of creating three-dimensional and dynamic visual effects in conventional printing.Through a combination of laser direct-writing lithography,interference lithography for mold fabrication,and large-scale nanoimprinting lithographic techniques,printed materials incorporating microlens array and grating were produced,which have the advantages of high resolution,low cost,and environmental sustainability.This ink-free printing technology not only offers rich visual effects to meet the growing demand for high-quality printing but also holds significant potential for widespread application.
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