摘要
目的 调查大学生中阈下抑郁的检出率及其影响因素.方法 采用方便抽样的方法,于2020年7月2日至2020年7月19日招募湖北省武汉市30所高校的在校大学生进行线上问卷调查,共纳入10286名调查对象,问卷内容包括人口学特征、学习情况、人际关系、生活习惯以及精神症状自评量表,采用9项患者健康问卷(Patient Health Questionnaire-9,PHQ-9)得分评估抑郁症状,0～4分为正常,5～19分为阈下抑郁,20～27分为重度抑郁.估计阈下抑郁的检出率并使用二分类Logistic回归模型分析其影响因素.结果 大学生中阈下抑郁的检出率为38.0％;多因素回归分析发现,阈下抑郁的危险因素有女性,成绩排名靠后,和老师同学关系差,有饮酒、缺乏体育锻炼等不良生活习惯,疫情期间心理压力高,存在精神疾病史、网络成瘾、失眠、焦虑、PTSD等精神心理问题.结论 大学生中阈下抑郁的检出率为38.0％,女性、学习成绩差、人际关系差、不良生活习惯、疫情期间心理压力高、共患其他精神心理问题为阈下抑郁的危险因素,提示需要关注相关高风险特征人群并及时干预,防止其抑郁症状进展.
Abstract
Objective To investigate the prevalence of subthreshold depression among college students and its influence factors.Methods Using a convenience sampling method,college students from 30 universities in Wuhan City,Hubei Province,were recruited for an online questionnaire survey conducted between July 2,2020,and July 19,2020.A total of 10,286 participants were included.The questionnaire covered demographic characteristics,academic performance,interpersonal relationships,lifestyle habits,and a self-rating scale for psychiatric symptoms.Depression symptoms were assessed using the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ-9)scores,with 0-4 indicating normal,5-19 indicating subthreshold depression,and 20-27 indicating major depression.The detection rate of subthreshold depression was estimated,and a binary logistic regression model was used to analyze its influencing factors.Results The prevalence of subthreshold depression in college students was 38.0％.Multivariate analysis showed that the risk factors of subthreshold depression included females,ranked low in academic performance,poor relationship with teachers and classmates,poor living habits such as drinking and lack of physical exercise,high psychological stress during the COVID-19 epidemic,the existence of mental illness history,and other mental and psychological problems such as internet addiction,insomnia,anxiety,PTSD.Conclusion The prevalence of subthreshold depression among college students was 38.0％.Female students,poor academic performance,poor interpersonal relationships,bad living habits,high psychological stress during the epidemic,and co-morbidity of other mental and psychological problems were the risk factors for subthreshold depression,indicating that it is necessary to pay attention to the relevant high-risk population and intervene to prevent the progression of depression symptoms.
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