Objective To investigate the effect of evolocumab on immune function in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia(FH).Methods A prospective study was conducted in 168 patients with heterozygous FH admitted to our hospital from September 2021 to September 2023.Subjects were assigned into control group and observation group using different even-odd method,with 84 in each group.The patients in the control group were treated with routine therapy and those in the observation one with addition of evolocumab therapy.Then the blood lipid indexes,inflammatory factors,immune function indexes and adverse reactions were compared between the 2 groups.Results No statistical difference was found in baseline high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)and triacylglycerol(TG)between the 2 groups after treatment(P>0.05),whereas low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and total cholesterol(TC)in the observation group were lower than those in the control group ((1.55±0.47) mmol·L-1 vs(1.98±0.43) mmol·L-1,(2.89±0.71) mmol·L-1 vs(3.37±0.80) mmol·L-1,P<0.05).After treatment,the observation group showed a higher level of interleukin(IL)-37[(65.77±6.48) ng·L-1 vs(59.65±6.53) ng·L-1]and lower levels of tumor necrosis factor-ɑ(TNF-ɑ)[(13.57±3.12) ng·L-1 vs(15.99±3.20) ng·L-1]and IL-6[(17.11±4.29) pg·mL-1 vs(22.73±5.01) pg·mL-1]as compared with the control group(all P<0.05).After treatment,CD3+[(50.06±4.27) %vs(46.35±4.13) %]and CD4+[(38.49±4.32)%vs(34.52±4.16) %]were elevated and CD8+[(25.19±3.50)%vs(29.67±3.43) %]decreased in the observation group as compared with the control(all P<0.05).The total incidence rate of adverse reactions demonstrated no statistical difference between the 2 groups[(2.38%(2/84)vs 1.19%(1/84),P>0.05)].Conclusion Evolocumab treatment for FH can effectively ameliorate blood lipid profile,attenuate inflammatory response,and enhance immune function,which has a good safety profile and is worthy of promotion.
Familial hypercholesterolemiaEvolocumabBlood lipidInflammatory factorImmune function
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