Objective To investigate the correlation of serum procalcitonin(PCT)and lactic acid(Lac)concentration with the therapeutic efficacy of meropenem in treatment of purulent meningitis in children.Methods Fifty-four children with purulent meningitis treated in our hospital from October 2021 to September 2023 were selected and subjected to the test of serum PCT and Lac concentration.Children were given meropenem for 28 d,and grouped according to different prognoses.Then the correlation of PCT and Lac concentration with the severity of the disease was identified,and their predictive value for the therapeutic efficacy of meropenem was determined.Results PCT and Lac concentrations were(21.44±1.35) ng·L-1 and(2.69±0.51) mmol·L-1 in severe patients,which were higher than those in moderate and mild ones(P<0.05).Pearson's correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between serum PCT,Lac concentration and disease severity in children with purulent meningitis(P<0.05).Of the 54 children,41 had a good prognosis and 13 a poor one.PCT and Lac concentrations were(24.84±1.23) ng·L-1 and(2.84±0.43) mmol·L-1 in poor prognosis group,which were higher than those in good prognosis group(P<0.05).ROC curve analysis showed that the AUCs of serum PCT and Lac for predicting the prognosis of children were 0.824 and 0.682,and the combined test of the two had better predictive efficacy.Conclusion Serum PCT and Lac concentrations are positively correlated with disease severity in children with purulent meningitis and are of certain value in predicting the therapeutic efficacy of meropenem in children.