Type Ⅳ hiatal hernia with a high risk usually presents sudden or suddenly worsening epigas-tric pain,vomiting,and dysphagia.It is not conducive to early diagnosis and treatment when symptoms are atypi-cal.Type Ⅳ hiatal hernia with severe anemia is rare.This article reports an atypical case of typeⅣhiatal hernia with melena and severe anemia as the main manifestations,aiming to improve clinicians'identification of the atypical clinical presentations of type Ⅳ hiatal hernia.