Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(Auto-HSCT)is commonly used in multiple myeloma(MM),malignant lymphoma,and low-risk acute myeloid leukemia(AML),as well as some autoimmune disorders and inherited blood system diseases.The quality control such as mobilization,collection,cryopreservation and resuscitation of hematopoietic stem cell(HSCT)plays a critical role in successful engraftment of auto-HSCT,thus it is important for the success rate of transplantation.Future research on quality control of hematopoietic stem cells will be further in-depth and optimized.The total number of auto-HSCT remains small in China compared with USA and European countries at present.However,physicians have actively expanded auto-HSCT for elderly candidates,optimized chemotherapy regimens and chemotherapy courses,renewed conditioning regimens,and systematically managed complications post auto-HSCT.Therefore,these measures largely improved the effects and safety of auto-HSCT with the maturity of transplant center technology.Based on this,we speculate that the quality and quantity of auto-HSCT in China will have a marked increment and improvement.Accordingly,the corresponding academic researches on auto-HSCT will emerge as an opportunity and challenges for physicians and researchers in the future.