Sepsis correlation encephalopathy (SAE)is a severe disease secondary to sepsis,which can increase the mortality of sepsis patients,and can lead to long-term neurological damage,and there is still a lack of effective clinical treatment methods.Gut microbiota refers to the large number of engraftment in the host intestine and diversity of microbial flora,and they form a complex symbiotic relationship with the host.In recent years,many studies have found that intestinal flora imbalance is closely related to the central nervous system,which can affect nervous function through the microbiota-gut-brain axis(MBGA).Moreover,clinical studies have found that the gut microbiota of patients with sepsis also changed.Therefore,the gut microbiota during sepsis and its role in the pathogenesis and treatment of SAE have attracted much attention.This paper reviews the related research progress at home and abroad in recent years,willing to provide a new perspective for the pathogenesis and treatment of SAE perspective.