Changes and significance of vaginal microbiota and microecology in patients with bacterial vaginosis and pelvic inflammatory disease of childbearing age
Objective To analyze the changes and significance of vaginal microbiota and microecology in patients with bacterial vaginosis(BV)and pelvic inflammatory disease(PID)of childbearing age.Methods A total of 76 patients with BV of childbearing age who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine from September 2020 to December 2022 were selected.They were divided into BV group(33 cases)and BV with PID group(43 cases)according to the presence or absence of PID.At the same time,50 healthy individuals of childbearing age were selected as the control group.The density and diversity of vaginal microbiota,and 16S rRNA sequencing results of the three groups were compared.Results There were significant differences in the classification of the density and diversity of vaginal microbiota among the BV with PID group,the BV group and the control group(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,Firmicutes was less and Actinobacteria was more in the BV group and the BV with PID group.No Gardnerella was found in the control group,while there was much Gardnerella in the BV group and the BV with PID group.Lactobacillus was less in the BV group and the BV with PID group than in the control group.Anaerobic bacteria such as G.vaginalis and P.vaginalis in the BV group increased.In the BV with PID group,anaerobic bacteria like G.vaginalis showed an increasing trend,and L.crispatus showed a decreasing trend.Conclusion The density and diversity of vaginal microbiota in patients with BV and patients with BV complicated with PID of childbearing age are increased.Their microecological balance is changed,and anaerobic bacteria are increased.The detection of vaginal microbiota and microecology can provide guidance for diagnosis and treatment.
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