Optimal mode of microwave ablation for pig mammary glands
Objective To observe the optimal mode of microwave ablation(MWA)for pig mammary glands.Methods MW A of mammary glands were performed under different modes in 4 pigs,respectively.Mode 1 was about 400 J energy+5 mm needle type,mode 2 was about 400 J energy+3 mm needle type,mode 3 was about 1 000 J energy+3 mm needle type,and mode 4 was about 2 000 J energy+3 mm needle type.The ultrasonic characteristics and pathological findings(only for mode 2,3 and 4)of ablated foci and the incidence of skin thermal injuries were compared among different modes of MWA.Results Significant differences of hardness of pig mammary glands were found before and after MWA under mode1,2,3 and 4(F=50.281,P=0.009),those after MWA were significantly higher than before(all P＜0.05),and under mode 1 were significantly higher than those under mode 2,3 and 4(all P＜0.05).The length of ablated foci on contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)was(21.24±3.68)mm,being not significantly different with that on the gross specimen(P=0.465),and the width was(9.43±1.50)mm,greater than that on the gross specimen(P=0.001).The length of ablated foci on the gross specimen after mode 2,3 and 4 MWA were significantly different(P＜0.001).After mode 1 MWA,3 areas of red and swollen and 1 area of blister were detected on the skin,after mode 4 MWA 3 areas of red and swollen and 2 areas of blisters were found,while no skin thermal damage was observed after mode 2 and 3 MWA.Significantly differences of skin thermal damages were found among different modes MWA(all P＜0.05).Conclusion Low energy+3 mm emission front needle was the optimal mode of MWA for pig mammary glands.
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