摘要
血管畸形是一种先天性的病变,是由于血管或淋巴管形态发生异常而导致的结构异常,根据存在的主要通道类型分为低流速畸形(毛细脉管畸形、静脉畸形)和高流速畸形(动脉畸形、动静脉畸形),其中动静脉畸形是最常见的血管畸形,它是一种先天性高流速血管畸形,常发于颌面颈部,其次是四肢和躯干,并且这种血管畸形在青春期和怀孕期间(由于受激素的影响)面积容易扩大,随之带来潜在的并发症,包括疼痛、压迫邻近组织、出血和外观畸形.动静脉畸形的治疗相当困难,常需要多种治疗方式综合治疗,方法有手术、栓塞治疗、硬化剂注射等.
Abstract
Vascular malformations are lesions,which are structural abnormalities caused by abnormal morphology of blood vessels or lymphatic vessels,which can be divided into low-flow velocity malformations(capillary malformations,venous malformations)and high-flow velocity malformations(arterial malformations,arteriovenous malformations)based on the main channel types present.Among them,arteriovenous malformations are the most common vascular malformations,which are congenital high-flow velocity vascular malformations,often occurring in the maxillofacial and cervical regions,next are the limbs and trunk.In addition,this kind of vascular malformation can easily expand in size during adolescence and pregnancy(due to hormonal influence),leading to potential complications,including pain,compression of adjacent tissues,bleeding,and appearance abnormalities.The treatment of arteriovenous malformations is quite difficult and often requires multiple treatment methods,including surgery,embolization,sclerotherapy injection,etc.
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