Comprehensive evaluation and analysis of nut quality of Niangqing walnut from six regions
The quality differences of the Niangqing walnut from different regions was explored so as to provide reference for variety application and promotion,production and processing,and regionalised cultivation.With Niangqing walnuts from six regions as raw materials,based on the index values of nut appearance traits(longitudinal diameter,transverse diameter,edge diameter,mean value of three diameter,fruit shape index,single fruit mass,kernel yield and shell thickness)and nucleolar contents(crude fat content,crude protein content,fatty acid composition and content),principal component analysis and the current local standard of nut classification were used to comprehensively evaluate the quality of walnut.The results showed that there were significant differences in the three diameter,mean value of three diameter,single fruit mass and kernel yield in different regions,among which the largest mean value of three diameter and single fruit mass was in Weixi County,Diqing,Yunnan(3.63 cm and 13.33 g)and the smallest was in Nandan County,Guangxi(3.16 cm and 10.09 g).The highest kernel yield was in Jianchuan County,Dali,Yunnan(47.26％),and the lowest was in Nandan County,Guangxi(41.88％).There was no significant differences in the fruit shape index and shell thickness,with the fruit shape index between 1.14 and 1.30,shell thickness between 1.03 mm and 1.19 mm.There were significant differences in the crude protein content of walnut kernel in different regions,the highest in Shunbi Township,Yangbi County,Yunnan(15.90％)and the lowest in Nandan County,Guangxi(11.80％).The highest crude fat content was in Nandan County,Guangxi(70.23％),the lowest was in Pingpo Town,Yangbi County,Yunanan(62.70％).The highest oleic acid content was in Weixi County,Diqing,Yunnan(38.90％),the highest linoleic acid content was in Fengshan County,Guangxi(56.70％),and the highest linolenic acid content was Nandan County,Guangxi(11.14％).The ratio of linoleic acid content to linolenic acid content in different regions was between 4 and 7.The comprehensive quality scores of Niangqing walnut in the six regions decreased in the order of Jianchuan County(Yunnan),Weixi County(Yunnan),Shunbi Township(Yunnan),Fengshan County(Guangxi),Pingpo Town(Yunnan),and Nandan County(Guangxi).The walnuts in Weixi County(Yunnan),Jianchuan County(Yunnan),Shunbi County(Yunnan)reached the super grade standard,the walnuts in Fengshan County(Guangxi)reached the grade I standard,and the walnuts in Nandan County(Guangxi)reached the grade Ⅱ standard.Therefore,walnuts in Yangbi County are suitable for processing protein products,walnuts in Weixi County and Jianchuan County can be developed into commercial fruits,and walnuts in Fengshan County and Nandan County should be developed into oil products.
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