Methanogenic archaea are strictly anaerobic organisms that grow by producing methane.Methylotrophic methano-genic archaea predominantly generate CH4 by metabolizing methyl compounds such as methanol,methylamine,methyl sul-fide,and methylated aromatic substances.Except for the hydrogen-dependent methylotrophic pathway,MtrA-H methyl-transferases exist in all methane-producing pathways,methylotrophic pathways moreover contain substrate-specific methyl-transferases that are responsible for both cleaving and transferring methyl groups to HS-CoM or H4MPT.Despite significant adjustments to the protein architectures involved in substrate recognition between methyltransferases,they all contain highly conserved corrinoid-binding proteins and the cofactor cobalamin.This article outlines the classification,biological func-tions,structural properties,and catalytic mechanisms of methyltransferases in methanogenic archaea,and also discusses fu-ture directions in methyltransferase research.
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