摘要
目的分析兰州市1990-2009年麻疹发病的流行病学特征,为调整免疫和监测策略,实现消除麻疹目标提供科学依据。方法运用描述流行病学方法对兰州市1990-2009年麻疹的流行病学特征进行分析。结果兰州市1990-2009年共报告麻疹病例3 120例,平均发病率为5.25/10万,4月为发病高峰,发病年龄以7～15岁和20岁以上成人为主,职业分布以学生为主,近年成人麻疹发病突增。结论各类学校仍是麻疹控制和监测的重点区域,成人麻疹特别是流动人员麻疹病例的增加给消除麻疹带来挑战,因此在做好儿童常规免疫的同时,应加强成人麻疹监测和免疫,这对消除麻疹目标的实现具有极其重要的作用。
Abstract
Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Lanzhou city,and to provide scientific basis for adjusting measles surveillance and immunization strategies.Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics in Lanzhou city,1990-2009.Results A total of 3 120 cases of measles were reported in Lanzhou city during 1990-2009.The annual incidence rate was 5.25/100 000.The incidence of measles reached peak in April.The youth aged 7-15 years and adults aged over 20 years were the main victims of measles.The incidence of measles increased significantly in adults in recent years.The majority of the measles cases were students.Conclusion Measles surveillance and control should be strengthened in schools.Measles vaccination programme should be conducted in children as well as in adults,which should be very importable for elimination of measles.
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